Nowadays it is becoming very common for web designers to use frames to divide the browser window into several independent parts each containing a different HTML file. Frames are often used to break the page into two sections – one containing information which does not change as users travel through the site while the other presents more dynamic information.
The following are the drawbacks of using frames:

• Frames cause problems for search engine. In order for search engines to index the frame based website, the links to all the content pages should be provided
• Frames break bookmarking – Most web browsers cannot bookmark a page inside a frame based website.
• Printing becomes difficult – Many browsers require the visitor to activate the frame before they print it
• Difficult to send the link to a page via e-mail
• Most difficult for users with screen readers or text browsers to use the website

Guidelines:

If frames are used ensure of the following:

• Do not use the frames purely for presentation purposes
• Frames if used, should be identified by a name attribute and each page contained within the frame is identified by its title element
• Describe the purpose of the frame by using the title attribute
• Use the < noframes> element at the end of each frame set in order to provide alternative information to users whose browser cannot manage frames
• Target links to the correct frame

Validation Techniques:

• Check the content of each frameset for the presence of a < noframes> section.
• Each frameset element is expected to contain a valid < noframes> section.
• use Wave tool Or Google Lighthouse